Forex Trading vs Stock Market

Two of the main differences between (and some would say advantages over) the forex market compared to the stock market are:
1. Trading hours. The forex market is open 24 hours a day. Trading is done over three continents, allowing a trader to trade continuously and to react immediately to events and new developments. The market opens on Sunday evening and closes Friday night.
2. Commissions. Electronic trading and competition have brought about a sizeable reduction in the bid-offer spread (the equivalent of commissions). The spread covers the risk of the market maker. The spread for the majors remain very low, but can increase as the liquidity of a specific currency drops. Despite recent reductions of commissions through online stock brokers, the Forex market is considered, by some, to have the lowest commissions relative to trade size when compared to other financial markets. This is also in part due to the 100:1 leverage offered by most trading houses. A client with a $10,000 deposit can leverage this to $1,000,000. Some electronic communication network brokerages have introduced a per trade commision alongside a narrow pip spread.
Many retail trading houses would suggest that the large size of the market makes it impossible for a speculator to affect the market. This is not quite the truth - the stakes are higher, larger quantities of money are involved, and the bigger banks spend a lot of time and effort trying to manipulate the market. Governments have been known to step in and affect prices.


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"Buy the rumor, sell the fact."
The price of a currency tends to anticipate the effect of a particular action before it occurs and, when the event comes to pass, react in the opposite direction. This is also referred to as a market being "oversold" or "overbought".
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Unlike the stock market, where retail clients (individuals) have access to almost exactly the same prices as all other participants, the Forex market has several different levels of access and therefore commission costs or spreads. At the top are the largest investment banking firms such as Citi and Deutsche Bank, where the spreads or the difference between bid and ask prices are tiny. These spreads are a closely guarded secret, not normally known outside the inner circles of international finance.
Further down the trading chain, the spreads become wider. Basically, the larger the volume of trades, the narrower the spread. After the major top-tier banks come the smaller investment banks, large multi national corporations, pension funds, insurance companies and, more recently, some of the major retailers. Retail traders are a small fraction of the market and may only participate indirectly, through brokers or banks.
There are many influences on the value of currency when compared to other currencies, but the Forex market is almost a pure supply and demand market. Demand rises or supply falls, prices rise and vice versa. Electronic trading is slowly increasing in the Forex market with Algorithmic trading increasing also.